![]() This view was later modified by another group of scholars to say that only those bhuiyans who fought against Mughal aggression were known as Bara-Bhuiyans. They applied the term Bara-Bhuiyans to those who fought for the freedom of their motherland. As number twelve was sacred to the Hindus, these scholars examined traditions from scriptures to find out in which of the cases the number twelve was used. One group of scholars says the term Bara Bhuiyan does not necessarily mean exactly twelve bhuiyans, the term was applied loosely to mean many. Taking the whole of Bengal into consideration, the number of bhuiyans must have been many more than twelve. In such circumstances many bhuiyans raised their heads. There was no central control, or if there was any, it was nominal. They jointly, and more often severally resisted Mughal expansion and ruled their respective territories as independent or semi-independent chiefs. In fact, during the interregnum between Afghan rule and the rise of Mughal power in Bengal, various parts of Bengal passed to the control of several military chiefs, bhuiyans and zamindars. ![]() But who were these bhuiyans could not be identified accurately for a long time. The term Bara-Bhuiyans means twelve territorial landholders. Bara-Bhuiyans, The or twelve territorial landholders were the local chiefs and zamindars who put up strong resistance to the Mughals during the time of akbar and jahangir.
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